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Quintus Ennius is recognized for his significant contributions to Roman literature, particularly through his epic poem "Annales." This work is notable as it was one of the first to intertwine mythology and history, crafting a narrative that chronicled the history of Rome from its origins to Ennius's own time. His innovative use of the hexameter verse, which was inspired by Greek epic poetry, set a standard for future Roman epic poets.

Ennius's focus on historical events and figures in a poetic format not only provided a foundation for subsequent literary works, particularly those of Virgil and Lucan, but also established a new genre of historical epic in Roman literature that combined poetic art with national history. This blend of the historical and the epic made his work pivotal in shaping the literary landscape of Rome and influenced the thematic elements in the epics that followed.

The other authors listed also contributed to Roman literature—Livius Andronicus is known for translating Greek works into Latin, whereas Plautus was primarily a comedic playwright, and Gnaeus Naevius is recognized for his comedies and some historical narratives; however, none had the same lasting influence on the genre of epic poetry as Quintus Ennius did through his historical narratives